Article VIII. Tribal Justice System
Section 3. Rituals
The ritual (Suguy-Suguy)–The highest level of communication with God, this is performed during gatherings of Dulangan Manobos. Forgiveness is asked from the owner of water, nature, forest, cave and river, and the spirits of ancestors are invoked. We the Dulangan Manobos believe that the spirits of our ancestors are always around guiding the tribe.
(1) Langa–On his way to the forest, a person asks God for help to have a successful hunt or catch as well as planting.
(2) Datah–A piece of the catch should be left for nature so that the next hunt and catch will be successful again.
(3) Dongow–If a person is lost in the forest, the dongow is performed by laying across a tree. This is an indication whether the person is still alive or already dead. [I’m not sure of my translation of this part.—Blogger]
(4) Batiya–A chant of the tribe to ward off danger
Section 4. Justice and Justice System
The practices of the Dulangan Manobo in implementing their laws are inherited from their ancestors. The datus seek the help of the Ulu-Ulu or Pig-ulukan Datu to resolve the problems in the community. Process:
(1) The suspect is judged by the datus. A metal is put on fire and when it is hot, the suspect is made to hold it. If his hand is not burned, it means that the accusation against him is not true.
(2) The datu proclaims [or determines?] the guilt of the suspect.
(3) If there is a suspect, pour water on a towel. If the water does not drip, it means that he is not guilty. The accuser shall give one horse as a penalty for the accused has been put in shame in front of people and his dignity has been marred.
(4) A transgression should be subjected to the law and be judged so that the problem will not get worse.
(5) A person who committed a crime should be apprehended and brought before the chieftain-judges.
(6) Payment should be made for the crime to appease the person on the side of truth.
(7) Datus should judge and impose penalties for both petty and serious crimes so that the wrongful act is remitted.
(8) The perpetrator and the party on the side of justice should exchange an oath by breaking a rattan in two as a symbol of reconciliation.
(This post is a part of a series on Kitab, the customary law of the Dulangan Manobos. See my introductory post for the list of posts containing all the sections of the law. You may also see the original Filipino version on Scribd.)
Monday, November 14, 2016
Monday, November 7, 2016
Kitab Article VIII Sections 1 and 2 Law and Penalty for Murder
Article VIII. Tribal Justice System
Section 1. The Kitab is the law that the tribe follows and is implemented in the community to resolve problems. The datus or the Ulu-Ulu or Pig-ulukan Datu resolves the problems. The victim and suspect are summoned to know the root of the matter.
(1) Antang–The highest process attended by the Ulu-ulu or Pig-ulukan Datu, the Ngipin Ulu, or the datus, who lead in the resolution of the problem so that the matter between two parties does not get worse
(2) Ukit–The process used by the Ulu-Ulu or Pig-ulukan Datu, the Ngipin Ulu, or the datu in fixing the problems of the tribe
(3) Kukum–The datu resolves the law of the tribe
(4) Kukuman–A method that is a policy implemented by the leaders of the tribe
(5) Temulu–The people are taught well how to live properly in the locality.
(6) Tegodon–The negotiators narrate the problems and experiences of both parties.
(7) Uledin–Laws of the chieftain implemented in the community of Dulangan Manobos
(8) Seitisay Wayeg–If both sides seem to have enough defenses, water is poured on a headscarf to know which party is at fault. The accuser and the suspect hold the scarf. If the water drips, it means that the accusation is true and the suspect should be killed. If the water does not drip, the accuser should be killed.
(9) Inedof Fotow–The datu assigns a person to heat a metal. When the metal is hot, call the suspect and make him hold the hot metal. If his palm is burned, it means he is guilty and he should be killed. If his palm is not burned, kill the accuser.
Section 2. Punishment for Murder
(1) The datu first asks the victim and the suspect to know everything about the crime. This also depends on the murdered person, datu or ordinary person.
(2) The datu asks the parents of the victim if they want payment.
(3) Bangon–The family of the victim and the murderer face each other in the presence of the datu. If both parties agree that the murderer shall pay seven animals to the family of the dead, both parties shall drink water. This signifies that the two sides are in good terms again.
(4) Tuyot Depanog–A payment of one valuable item or two horses should be made so that the soul of the victim will return.
(This post is a part of a series on Kitab, the customary law of the Dulangan Manobos. See my introductory post for the list of posts containing all the sections of the law. You may also see the original Filipino version on Scribd.)
Section 1. The Kitab is the law that the tribe follows and is implemented in the community to resolve problems. The datus or the Ulu-Ulu or Pig-ulukan Datu resolves the problems. The victim and suspect are summoned to know the root of the matter.
(1) Antang–The highest process attended by the Ulu-ulu or Pig-ulukan Datu, the Ngipin Ulu, or the datus, who lead in the resolution of the problem so that the matter between two parties does not get worse
(2) Ukit–The process used by the Ulu-Ulu or Pig-ulukan Datu, the Ngipin Ulu, or the datu in fixing the problems of the tribe
(3) Kukum–The datu resolves the law of the tribe
(4) Kukuman–A method that is a policy implemented by the leaders of the tribe
(5) Temulu–The people are taught well how to live properly in the locality.
(6) Tegodon–The negotiators narrate the problems and experiences of both parties.
(7) Uledin–Laws of the chieftain implemented in the community of Dulangan Manobos
(8) Seitisay Wayeg–If both sides seem to have enough defenses, water is poured on a headscarf to know which party is at fault. The accuser and the suspect hold the scarf. If the water drips, it means that the accusation is true and the suspect should be killed. If the water does not drip, the accuser should be killed.
(9) Inedof Fotow–The datu assigns a person to heat a metal. When the metal is hot, call the suspect and make him hold the hot metal. If his palm is burned, it means he is guilty and he should be killed. If his palm is not burned, kill the accuser.
Section 2. Punishment for Murder
(1) The datu first asks the victim and the suspect to know everything about the crime. This also depends on the murdered person, datu or ordinary person.
(2) The datu asks the parents of the victim if they want payment.
(3) Bangon–The family of the victim and the murderer face each other in the presence of the datu. If both parties agree that the murderer shall pay seven animals to the family of the dead, both parties shall drink water. This signifies that the two sides are in good terms again.
(4) Tuyot Depanog–A payment of one valuable item or two horses should be made so that the soul of the victim will return.
(This post is a part of a series on Kitab, the customary law of the Dulangan Manobos. See my introductory post for the list of posts containing all the sections of the law. You may also see the original Filipino version on Scribd.)
Monday, October 31, 2016
Kitab Article VII Structure of Governance and Composition
A. Glal – Tribal Titles [This article doesn’t have a Section B.—Blogger]
Section 1. Glal (Tribal Title)
(1) Ulu-Ulu or Pig-ulukan Datu–He is the highest chief, respected, recognized by the whole tribe and good in resolving various problems in the community of Dulangan Manobos.
(2) Ngipen Ulu–In the absence of the Ulu-ulu or Pig-ulukan Datu, he leads in resolving matters or problems along with the datu of the locality.
(3) Datu–He has the power and capability to find solutions to problems. He is also respected and recognized as a lawyer to uphold the law by implementing the policies of the tribe.
(4) Lukes–Adviser to the whole community
(5) Tegepalut–He is the secretary of the leaders of the community if there are problems [I can’t understand the remaining phrase.]
(6) Booy Labi–This is a woman that is a princess and respected. She also knows how to resolve problems in the community.
(7) Ulu-Ulu Sedoy Bata–The leader of the youth of the tribe
(8) Tegebeyahan–Keeper of the wealth of the tribe
(9) Tegetepeng–This person keeps track of the properties of the Ulu-Ulu or Pig-ulukan Datu of the tribe or of the datu of the community.
(10) Agubalang or Alek–Protector of the ancestral domain or territory to ward off bad elements
(11) Sabandal–Servant of the Pig-ulukan, messenger of datus and members of the community
(12) Bleyan–Healer of the tribe given power to communicate with God through dreams
Section 2. Installation of Leaders
(1) The Ulu-Ulu or Pig-ulukan Datu should be chosen by the people of the community themselves based on his capability to give good advice to the youth, women and even to other people.
(2) The datu should know how to resolve problems and is respected by the majority.
(3) The selection of the datu or booy who will lead the place is based on the person’s capacity and capability to dispense justice. No election is conducted. The selection is based on the number of followers.
(4) Leadership position in the Dulangan Manobo tribe may be inherited if the children of chieftains have the capability to resolve problems in the tribe.
(5) A trusted follower can be a datu or leader if he has the capability and power to manage the Manobo tribe.
(6) The Ulu-Ulu or Pig-ulukan Datu, the datu, or the booy may be removed from power if he does not treat well his followers in the community. The followers shall decide the process of removal from power.
(This post is a part of a series on Kitab, the customary law of the Dulangan Manobos. See my introductory post for the list of posts containing all the sections of the law. You may also see the original Filipino version on Scribd.)
Section 1. Glal (Tribal Title)
(1) Ulu-Ulu or Pig-ulukan Datu–He is the highest chief, respected, recognized by the whole tribe and good in resolving various problems in the community of Dulangan Manobos.
(2) Ngipen Ulu–In the absence of the Ulu-ulu or Pig-ulukan Datu, he leads in resolving matters or problems along with the datu of the locality.
(3) Datu–He has the power and capability to find solutions to problems. He is also respected and recognized as a lawyer to uphold the law by implementing the policies of the tribe.
(4) Lukes–Adviser to the whole community
(5) Tegepalut–He is the secretary of the leaders of the community if there are problems [I can’t understand the remaining phrase.]
(6) Booy Labi–This is a woman that is a princess and respected. She also knows how to resolve problems in the community.
(7) Ulu-Ulu Sedoy Bata–The leader of the youth of the tribe
(8) Tegebeyahan–Keeper of the wealth of the tribe
(9) Tegetepeng–This person keeps track of the properties of the Ulu-Ulu or Pig-ulukan Datu of the tribe or of the datu of the community.
(10) Agubalang or Alek–Protector of the ancestral domain or territory to ward off bad elements
(11) Sabandal–Servant of the Pig-ulukan, messenger of datus and members of the community
(12) Bleyan–Healer of the tribe given power to communicate with God through dreams
Section 2. Installation of Leaders
(1) The Ulu-Ulu or Pig-ulukan Datu should be chosen by the people of the community themselves based on his capability to give good advice to the youth, women and even to other people.
(2) The datu should know how to resolve problems and is respected by the majority.
(3) The selection of the datu or booy who will lead the place is based on the person’s capacity and capability to dispense justice. No election is conducted. The selection is based on the number of followers.
(4) Leadership position in the Dulangan Manobo tribe may be inherited if the children of chieftains have the capability to resolve problems in the tribe.
(5) A trusted follower can be a datu or leader if he has the capability and power to manage the Manobo tribe.
(6) The Ulu-Ulu or Pig-ulukan Datu, the datu, or the booy may be removed from power if he does not treat well his followers in the community. The followers shall decide the process of removal from power.
(This post is a part of a series on Kitab, the customary law of the Dulangan Manobos. See my introductory post for the list of posts containing all the sections of the law. You may also see the original Filipino version on Scribd.)
Monday, October 24, 2016
Kitab Article VI Sections 8 and 9 Leaders and Followers
Article VI. Rights and Responsibilities
Section 8. On Leadership (Beliefs and Being a Leader)
(1) The Ulu Ulu or Pig-ulukan Datu should know how to execute the law, judge, and create laws and should be respected and followed by people.
(2) A slave or an ordinary member of the tribe may become a datu if he knows how to lead people.
(3) He takes care of his land so that his followers will have a place to dwell in.
(4) He does not speak harshly to his fellow datus and to the people of the community.
(5) He’s a good person, understanding, helpful, and knows how to give advice to his followers.
(6) He upholds the law and issues judgments that are just and righteous.
(7) He creates laws that are feared and liked by the people.
(8) The people believes and obeys his word.
(9) The head or leader must come from a clan that has royal blood.
(10) His decisions are respected to fight for the human rights of the community.
(11) The datu is the keeper of the people in the community so he executes the law.
(12) The datu is the keeper of the ancestral domain so that others will not grab it.
(13) He is ready to die for the welfare of the tribe.
(14) He is the adviser of the tribe to attain peace.
(15) He leads in resolving problems and conflicts.
(16) He knows how to protect the properties of his followers.
(17) He metes out appropriate sanctions to whoever violates the law.
(18) He treats people equally when executing the laws of the tribe.
(19) He manages the livelihood of his followers.
(20) The Ulu Ulu or Pig-ulukan Datu may be removed from power if he does not treat his followers well.
(21) A leader of a community may be removed from power if he does not treat his followers well.
(22) Even if a person has committed a sin, the leader should lead him to the right path so that he will not lose hope and his good behavior will return.
Section 9. On Responsibilities of Followers
(1) They should respect the recognized leader of the community.
(2) They have the right to make their own decisions in accordance with the laws of the tribe.
(3) They have the right to voice their opinions and feelings.
(4) They should follow the right decision of the leader.
(5) They have the right to remove the leader from power through the right process and for sufficient reason.
(This post is a part of a series on Kitab, the customary law of the Dulangan Manobos. See my introductory post for the list of posts containing all the sections of the law. You may also see the original Filipino version on Scribd.)
Section 8. On Leadership (Beliefs and Being a Leader)
(1) The Ulu Ulu or Pig-ulukan Datu should know how to execute the law, judge, and create laws and should be respected and followed by people.
(2) A slave or an ordinary member of the tribe may become a datu if he knows how to lead people.
(3) He takes care of his land so that his followers will have a place to dwell in.
(4) He does not speak harshly to his fellow datus and to the people of the community.
(5) He’s a good person, understanding, helpful, and knows how to give advice to his followers.
(6) He upholds the law and issues judgments that are just and righteous.
(7) He creates laws that are feared and liked by the people.
(8) The people believes and obeys his word.
(9) The head or leader must come from a clan that has royal blood.
(10) His decisions are respected to fight for the human rights of the community.
(11) The datu is the keeper of the people in the community so he executes the law.
(12) The datu is the keeper of the ancestral domain so that others will not grab it.
(13) He is ready to die for the welfare of the tribe.
(14) He is the adviser of the tribe to attain peace.
(15) He leads in resolving problems and conflicts.
(16) He knows how to protect the properties of his followers.
(17) He metes out appropriate sanctions to whoever violates the law.
(18) He treats people equally when executing the laws of the tribe.
(19) He manages the livelihood of his followers.
(20) The Ulu Ulu or Pig-ulukan Datu may be removed from power if he does not treat his followers well.
(21) A leader of a community may be removed from power if he does not treat his followers well.
(22) Even if a person has committed a sin, the leader should lead him to the right path so that he will not lose hope and his good behavior will return.
Section 9. On Responsibilities of Followers
(1) They should respect the recognized leader of the community.
(2) They have the right to make their own decisions in accordance with the laws of the tribe.
(3) They have the right to voice their opinions and feelings.
(4) They should follow the right decision of the leader.
(5) They have the right to remove the leader from power through the right process and for sufficient reason.
(This post is a part of a series on Kitab, the customary law of the Dulangan Manobos. See my introductory post for the list of posts containing all the sections of the law. You may also see the original Filipino version on Scribd.)
Monday, October 17, 2016
Kitab Article VI Sections 5, 6, 7 Nature, Lemuken, Stars
Article VI. Rights and Responsibilities
Section 5. Principles Observed by the Tribe
(a) About Nature
(1) Nature is a source of health, livelihood and food.
(2) God gave nature to and for everyone.
(3) All people should take care, guard, love, and respect the mountains especially the sacred places.
(4) Without land and forest the tribe has no livelihood.
(5) The forest and land are the source of livelihood of the tribe.
(b) About Land
God gave land to the Dulangan Manobos to be planted to crops so that they will have a source of daily food. The ancestors in the past took care of land by observing traditional practices.
(1) The ancestors bequeathed the land as a source of livelihood.
(2) Land is for the tribe to have a home.
(3) Land is for farming and to be taken care of by everything that has life.
(4) Land should not be sold because it is like your parents, a source of livelihood. Selling land brings bad luck.
(5) God made land for all people to work.
(6) The land is a legacy of our ancestors and for the next generations.
(7) Land bequeathed by ancestors should not be sold.
(8) God made land for the ancestors and for the next generations.
(9) Land is a source of herbal medicine for the sick and a place for recreation of the Dulangan Manobo tribe.
(c) About Crops
In planting there are guidelines that the tribe follows. Stars are one basis when planting can be done to have a good harvest.
During harvest time for rice, this is what the elders in the old times practiced. They give thanks, butcher chickens, call all their relatives, and hold a feast for the bountiful harvest. They call and pray to the owner of the land, owner of the trees, owner of rattan and owner of water. They thank God for the blessings he’s given them.
After harvesting the crop, they move to another place to clear so that the land will be able to replenish.
(d) Forest
(1) It was used by the elders in the past.
(2) It was a source of livelihood, such as water, home to fishes.
(3) It is home to animals, a source of forest food and a source of livelihood.
(4) It is a source of gold.
(5) It gives fresh air and a beautiful view.
(6) It is a source of medicinal plants for the sick.
(7) The various kinds of animals in it give help and livelihood to human beings.
(8) Do not abuse it, for it is vital to everything that has life.
(9) It is a source of medicinal plants for the sick and a place of recreation for the Dulangan Manobo tribe.
Section 6. Lemuken
The lemuken is what the tribe listens to when they go to other places or to the forest. The song of the bird gives signs to people and warns them of bad luck in the place where they are going. The bird’s song may also signify a good harvest.
Section 7. Stars
The tribe observes the position of stars. This is how they know when to start clearing the forest and planting crops. Stars also indicate the coming season, whether sunny or rainy. The tribe uses the moon and stars as a basis in counting the days and months that have passed from planting time to harvest time.
(This post is a part of a series on Kitab, the customary law of the Dulangan Manobos. See my introductory post for the list of posts containing all the sections of the law. You may also see the original Filipino version on Scribd.)
Section 5. Principles Observed by the Tribe
(a) About Nature
(1) Nature is a source of health, livelihood and food.
(2) God gave nature to and for everyone.
(3) All people should take care, guard, love, and respect the mountains especially the sacred places.
(4) Without land and forest the tribe has no livelihood.
(5) The forest and land are the source of livelihood of the tribe.
(b) About Land
God gave land to the Dulangan Manobos to be planted to crops so that they will have a source of daily food. The ancestors in the past took care of land by observing traditional practices.
(1) The ancestors bequeathed the land as a source of livelihood.
(2) Land is for the tribe to have a home.
(3) Land is for farming and to be taken care of by everything that has life.
(4) Land should not be sold because it is like your parents, a source of livelihood. Selling land brings bad luck.
(5) God made land for all people to work.
(6) The land is a legacy of our ancestors and for the next generations.
(7) Land bequeathed by ancestors should not be sold.
(8) God made land for the ancestors and for the next generations.
(9) Land is a source of herbal medicine for the sick and a place for recreation of the Dulangan Manobo tribe.
(c) About Crops
In planting there are guidelines that the tribe follows. Stars are one basis when planting can be done to have a good harvest.
During harvest time for rice, this is what the elders in the old times practiced. They give thanks, butcher chickens, call all their relatives, and hold a feast for the bountiful harvest. They call and pray to the owner of the land, owner of the trees, owner of rattan and owner of water. They thank God for the blessings he’s given them.
After harvesting the crop, they move to another place to clear so that the land will be able to replenish.
(d) Forest
(1) It was used by the elders in the past.
(2) It was a source of livelihood, such as water, home to fishes.
(3) It is home to animals, a source of forest food and a source of livelihood.
(4) It is a source of gold.
(5) It gives fresh air and a beautiful view.
(6) It is a source of medicinal plants for the sick.
(7) The various kinds of animals in it give help and livelihood to human beings.
(8) Do not abuse it, for it is vital to everything that has life.
(9) It is a source of medicinal plants for the sick and a place of recreation for the Dulangan Manobo tribe.
Section 6. Lemuken
The lemuken is what the tribe listens to when they go to other places or to the forest. The song of the bird gives signs to people and warns them of bad luck in the place where they are going. The bird’s song may also signify a good harvest.
Section 7. Stars
The tribe observes the position of stars. This is how they know when to start clearing the forest and planting crops. Stars also indicate the coming season, whether sunny or rainy. The tribe uses the moon and stars as a basis in counting the days and months that have passed from planting time to harvest time.
(This post is a part of a series on Kitab, the customary law of the Dulangan Manobos. See my introductory post for the list of posts containing all the sections of the law. You may also see the original Filipino version on Scribd.)
Monday, October 10, 2016
Kitab Article VI Sections 3 and 4 Rights of Women and Men
Article VI. Rights and Responsibilities
Section 3. Rights of Women
(1) They have the right to be respected because they experience difficulty when giving birth.
(2) They have the right against abuse. Do not be unfaithful to them and do not hurt them.
(3) They have the right receive compassion and love.
(4) Know what they need and do not deprive them.
(5) They are the treasurer of the family.
(6) They have the right to air their side to their husbands.
(7) They have the right to defend themselves so as not to be oppressed by others.
(8) They have the right to defend their farmland so that others will not take it away.
(9) They have the right to respect one another.
(10) They have the right to live peacefully.
(11) They have the right to wear traditional clothes.
Section 4. Rights of Men
(1) They have the right to work hard to support the needs of their children and wives.
(2) They may issue orders that are right and in accordance with tradition.
(3) They are the head of the family and they lead in earning a living.
(4) They work, carry heavy things, and provide for the household.
(5) They are respected and obeyed in the family.
(6) They plan and their families follow.
(7) They have the right to have a second wife if the first wife gives her permission.
(8) They have the right to fight evil people.
(9) They have the right to defend their land so that it will not be taken away by others.
(10) They have the right to defend themselves in the right way against transgressors.
(This post is a part of a series on Kitab, the customary law of the Dulangan Manobos. See my introductory post for the list of posts containing all the sections of the law. You may also see the original Filipino version on Scribd.)
Section 3. Rights of Women
(1) They have the right to be respected because they experience difficulty when giving birth.
(2) They have the right against abuse. Do not be unfaithful to them and do not hurt them.
(3) They have the right receive compassion and love.
(4) Know what they need and do not deprive them.
(5) They are the treasurer of the family.
(6) They have the right to air their side to their husbands.
(7) They have the right to defend themselves so as not to be oppressed by others.
(8) They have the right to defend their farmland so that others will not take it away.
(9) They have the right to respect one another.
(10) They have the right to live peacefully.
(11) They have the right to wear traditional clothes.
Section 4. Rights of Men
(1) They have the right to work hard to support the needs of their children and wives.
(2) They may issue orders that are right and in accordance with tradition.
(3) They are the head of the family and they lead in earning a living.
(4) They work, carry heavy things, and provide for the household.
(5) They are respected and obeyed in the family.
(6) They plan and their families follow.
(7) They have the right to have a second wife if the first wife gives her permission.
(8) They have the right to fight evil people.
(9) They have the right to defend their land so that it will not be taken away by others.
(10) They have the right to defend themselves in the right way against transgressors.
(This post is a part of a series on Kitab, the customary law of the Dulangan Manobos. See my introductory post for the list of posts containing all the sections of the law. You may also see the original Filipino version on Scribd.)
Monday, October 3, 2016
Kitab Article VI Sections 1 and 2 Rights of Children and Elders
Article VI. Rights and Responsibilities
Section 1. Rights of Children
(1) Children have the right to be raised properly in a good household.
(2) Teach them good manners for them to be respectful of their parents and other people.
(3) Send them to school so that they will have a good life in the future.
(4) Give them the freedom to choose what can make them happy and can give them a good life.
(5) Do not neglect them so that they will not stray from our culture and traditional way of life.
(6) Let us guide them toward the word of God so that their path in life will be good and they will not do evil.
(7) Let us give them a good source of living in the future.
(8) They have the right to defend the ancestral domain given by God.
(9) They have the right to decide the right thing to do.
(10) They have the right to defend themselves when oppressed by other people.
(11) They have the right to live here on earth with dignity.
(12) They have the right to have their decision respected.
Section 2. Rights of Elders
(1) They have the right to be respected and obeyed by their children.
(2) They have the right to teach their children to be good.
(3) They have the right to guide their children and be followed by them.
(4) They have the right to plan for a good future for their family.
(5) They have the right to be citizens.
(6) They have the right to fight for their rights in their laws.
(7) They have the right to fight for their land.
(8) They have the right to be indignant when they are oppressed.
(9) They have the right to live in peace.
(10) They have the right to execute their decisions.
(11) They have the right to have another wife when necessary.
(12) They have the right to defend the culture and traditional beliefs.
(13) They have the right to solve problems.
(This post is a part of a series on Kitab, the customary law of the Dulangan Manobos. See my introductory post for the list of posts containing all the sections of the law. You may also see the original Filipino version on Scribd.)
Section 1. Rights of Children
(1) Children have the right to be raised properly in a good household.
(2) Teach them good manners for them to be respectful of their parents and other people.
(3) Send them to school so that they will have a good life in the future.
(4) Give them the freedom to choose what can make them happy and can give them a good life.
(5) Do not neglect them so that they will not stray from our culture and traditional way of life.
(6) Let us guide them toward the word of God so that their path in life will be good and they will not do evil.
(7) Let us give them a good source of living in the future.
(8) They have the right to defend the ancestral domain given by God.
(9) They have the right to decide the right thing to do.
(10) They have the right to defend themselves when oppressed by other people.
(11) They have the right to live here on earth with dignity.
(12) They have the right to have their decision respected.
Section 2. Rights of Elders
(1) They have the right to be respected and obeyed by their children.
(2) They have the right to teach their children to be good.
(3) They have the right to guide their children and be followed by them.
(4) They have the right to plan for a good future for their family.
(5) They have the right to be citizens.
(6) They have the right to fight for their rights in their laws.
(7) They have the right to fight for their land.
(8) They have the right to be indignant when they are oppressed.
(9) They have the right to live in peace.
(10) They have the right to execute their decisions.
(11) They have the right to have another wife when necessary.
(12) They have the right to defend the culture and traditional beliefs.
(13) They have the right to solve problems.
(This post is a part of a series on Kitab, the customary law of the Dulangan Manobos. See my introductory post for the list of posts containing all the sections of the law. You may also see the original Filipino version on Scribd.)
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